An immunohistochemical study of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with molecular subtyping based on Hans algorithm

Anuradha Ananthamurthy; Megha Murali

doi:10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_683_22

An immunohistochemical study of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with molecular subtyping based on Hans algorithm

Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2023 Nov 9. doi: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_683_22. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Anuradha Ananthamurthy¹, Megha Murali

Affiliation

¹ Department of Pathology, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.

PMID: 38394429
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_683_22

Abstract

Introduction: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of B-cell lymphoma accounting for about 40% of all lymphomas. The international prognostic index (IPI), which relies on clinical and laboratory parameters, is used as a prognostic tool in DLBCL. In this study, we have included cases of DLBCL not otherwise specified (NOS) type to test the usefulness of the biological subclassification of DLBCL by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using the Hans algorithm into the germinal center B-like (GCB) type and nongerminal center (non-GCB) type. We correlated the subtypes with the demographics, site of involvement, IPI scores, and stage.

Objectives: 1. To study the immunohistochemical profile of DLBCL. 2. To classify patients with DLBCL into germinal center and nongerminal center subtypes. 3. To review the clinical presentations, clinical staging, and follow-up data in cases of DLBCL. Materials and Methods: A total of 152 cases of DLBCL reported from January 2010 to March 2018 were included in this study. Clinical data, treatment details, and follow-up were reviewed. Apart from the routine IHC markers for DLBCL, additional markers CD10, BCL6, and MUM 1 were performed to classify DLBCL into GCB type and non-GCB type using the Hans algorithm.

Results: The median age of presentation was 53 years with male-to-female ratio of 2:1. Most of the patients presented with nodal involvement (56.6%); cervical lymph node is the most common site (46.5%). The majority of the patients presented in Ann Arbor stage 1 (44.8%). According to the international prognostic index, 34.8% had a score of 3 (high intermediate). After IHC studies, GCB subtype (51.5%) of DLBCL emerged as more common than non-GCB type (48.5%). The two subtypes differed significantly with regard to sex (i.e. GCB type was more common in males and non-GCB type in females) and showed no significance with regard to any of the other clinical features and prognostic parameters evaluated.

Conclusion: Our study showed that IHC was a useful tool to subclassify DLBCL into GCB and non-GCB subtypes and may be easily incorporated in routine clinical practice.