Real-world glycated haemoglobin changes among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients treated with a maintenance dose of 7 mg or 14 mg of oral semaglutide

Diabetes Obes Metab. 2024 Jun;26(6):2111-2118. doi: 10.1111/dom.15516. Epub 2024 Feb 28.

Abstract

Aim: To describe the change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) among patients with type 2 diabetes following treatment with a 7 or 14 mg maintenance dose of oral semaglutide.

Materials and methods: This retrospective, claims-based study included adult patients with type 2 diabetes with a pre-index HbA1c of ≥7%, initiating treatment with oral semaglutide between 1 November 2019 and 30 June 2020; the patients had continuous health plan enrolment for ≥12 months before (pre-index) and ≥6 months following (post-index) the date of the first oral semaglutide claim (index). Patients were required to have a maintenance dose of 7 or 14 mg. Pre-index demographic and clinical characteristics were captured, as were doses at initiation and prescriber specialty. The change in HbA1c between the latest post-index and pre-index HbA1c measurements was calculated among all patients and among those with ≥90 days of continuous treatment (persistent patients).

Results: This study included 520 patients, most of whom had a complex medical history, experienced a range of comorbidities and received an average of 11.5 different classes of medications during the pre-index period. The mean HbA1c reduction during the 6-month post-initiation period was 1.2% (p < .001) for all patients and 1.4% (p < .001) for persistent patients.

Conclusions: In this real-world study, patients with a pre-index HbA1c ≥7% who initiated treatment with oral semaglutide with a 7 or 14 mg maintenance dose had significantly lower HbA1c levels following treatment.

Keywords: GLP‐1; glycaemic control; real‐world evidence; type 2 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy
  • Female
  • Glucagon-Like Peptides* / administration & dosage
  • Glucagon-Like Peptides* / adverse effects
  • Glucagon-Like Peptides* / therapeutic use
  • Glycated Hemoglobin* / analysis
  • Glycated Hemoglobin* / drug effects
  • Glycated Hemoglobin* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemic Agents* / administration & dosage
  • Hypoglycemic Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • semaglutide
  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • Glucagon-Like Peptides
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • hemoglobin A1c protein, human