Population Pharmacokinetics of Sacituzumab Govitecan in Patients with Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and Other Solid Tumors

Clin Pharmacokinet. 2024 May;63(5):669-681. doi: 10.1007/s40262-024-01366-3. Epub 2024 Apr 5.

Abstract

Background and objective: Sacituzumab govitecan (SG) is an antibody-drug conjugate composed of an antibody with affinity for Trop-2 coupled to SN-38 via hydrolyzable linker. SG is approved for patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC) who have received two or more prior chemotherapies (at least one in a metastatic setting) and for patients with pretreated hormone receptor positive (HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer.

Methods: In these analyses, the pharmacokinetics of SG, free SN-38, and total antibody (tAB) were characterized using data from 529 patients with mTNBC or other solid tumors across two large clinical trials (NCT01631552; ASCENT, NCT02574455). Three population pharmacokinetic models were constructed using non-linear mixed-effects modeling; clinically relevant covariates were evaluated to assess their impact on exposure. Models for SG and tAB were developed independently whereas free SN-38 was sequentially generated via a first-order release process from SG.

Results: Pharmacokinetics of the three analytes were each described by a two-compartment model with estimated body weight-based scaling exponents for clearance and volume. Typical parameter estimates for clearance and steady-state volume of distribution were 0.133 L/h and 3.68 L for SG and 0.0164 L/h and 4.26 L for tAB, respectively. Mild-to-moderate renal impairment, mild hepatic impairment, age, sex, baseline albumin level, tumor type, UGT1A1 genotype, or Trop-2 expression did not have a clinically relevant impact on exposure for any of the three analytes.

Conclusions: These analyses support the approved SG dosing regimen of 10 mg/kg as intravenous infusion on days 1 and 8 of 21-day cycles and did not identify a need for dose adjustment based on evaluated covariates or disease characteristics.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized* / administration & dosage
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized* / pharmacokinetics
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized* / therapeutic use
  • Camptothecin* / administration & dosage
  • Camptothecin* / analogs & derivatives
  • Camptothecin* / pharmacokinetics
  • Camptothecin* / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoconjugates* / administration & dosage
  • Immunoconjugates* / pharmacokinetics
  • Immunoconjugates* / therapeutic use
  • Irinotecan / administration & dosage
  • Irinotecan / pharmacokinetics
  • Irinotecan / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Models, Biological
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • sacituzumab govitecan