Under hypoxia, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 regulates hypoxia-inducible genes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors VEGFR1 and VEGFR2. It is an oxygen-dependent transcriptional activator that plays a crucial role in tumor angiogenesis and mammalian embryo development. It is a heterodimeric protein comprising a constitutively expressed HIF-1β subunit and the highly regulated HIF-1α subunits. Using CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing, we generated biallelic HIF-1α mutants in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). The HIF-1α homozygous-knockout hiPSCs retained their normal morphology, gene expression, and in vivo differentiation potential.
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