Factors associated with prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear in patients with reflux oesophagitis

Yuichi Kitasako; Eri Momma; Tomohide Tanabe; Mai Koeda; Yoshimasa Hoshikawa; Shintaro Hoshino; Noriyuki Kawami; Masaomi Ikeda; Katsuhiko Iwakiri

doi:10.1111/joor.13708

Factors associated with prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear in patients with reflux oesophagitis

J Oral Rehabil. 2024 Apr 23. doi: 10.1111/joor.13708. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
² Cariology and Operative Dentistry, Department of Restorative Sciences, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
³ Dental Clinic, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴ Oral Prosthetic Engineering, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

PMID: 38651199
DOI: 10.1111/joor.13708

Abstract

Background: Extrinsic factors for erosive tooth wear (ETW) have been widely reported, but the intrinsic factors for wear remain unclear.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with the prevalence of ETW in patients with reflux oesophagitis (RO). To prevent severe ETW with RO, factors associated with severity of ETW were also evaluated.

Methods: A total of 270 patients with RO were recruited. A modified tooth wear index was used to evaluate the prevalence and severity of ETW. Salivary secretion and buffering capacity were assessed prior to endoscopy. Subjects were asked to complete a medical condition and oral self-care questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were employed to identify factors collectively associated with the prevalence and severity of ETW.

Results: A total of 212 cases were categorized as patients with ETW (148 with mild ETW and 64 with severe ETW). Multivariate analyses indicated that saliva secretion, severity of RO and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) resistance were associated with the prevalence of ETW, whereas age, BMI and severity of RO were associated with the severity of ETW. The odds ratio of saliva secretion and BMI were less than 1, meaning that higher saliva secretion resulted in a lower prevalence of ETW and lower BMI was associated with severe ETW.

Conclusion: Saliva secretion, severity of RO and PPI resistance were associated with the prevalence of ETW, whereas age, BMI and severity of RO were associated with the severity of ETW. Lower saliva secretion and BMI were significant factors for ETW.

Keywords: BMI; dental erosion; erosive tooth wear; medical‐dental collaboration; reflux oesophagitis; saliva.

Grants and funding

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science