Halide exchange mediated cation exchange facilitates room temperature co-doping of d-and f-block elements in cesium lead halide perovskite nanoparticles

Jomy Jose Philip; Gouranga H Debnath; David H Waldeck; R Geetha Balakrishna

doi:10.1039/d4nr00805g

Halide exchange mediated cation exchange facilitates room temperature co-doping of d-and f-block elements in cesium lead halide perovskite nanoparticles

Nanoscale. 2024 May 16;16(19):9558-9569. doi: 10.1039/d4nr00805g.

Authors

Jomy Jose Philip¹, Gouranga H Debnath¹, David H Waldeck^{2

3}, R Geetha Balakrishna¹

Affiliations

¹ Centre for Nano and Material Sciences, Jain University, Bangalore, Karnataka 562112, India. gouranga.debnath@jainuniversity.ac.in.
² Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
³ Petersen Institute of NanoScience and Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, USA.

PMID: 38666449
DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00805g

Abstract

This study presents a halide exchange mediated cation exchange reaction to co-dope d- and f-block elements in CsPbX₃ NPs at room temperature. Addition of MnCl₂ and YbCl₃ to CsPbBr₃ NPs induces ion exchange reactions generating the corresponding CsPbBr₃/MnCl₂YbCl₃ NPs. In addition to the perovskite emission, the NPs display sensitized Mn²⁺ and Yb³⁺ emissions in concert spanning the UV, visible, and NIR spectral region. Structural and spectroscopic characterizations indicate a substitutional displacement of Pb²⁺ by the Mn²⁺ and Yb³⁺. The identity of the host halide in modulating the ion exchange reactions was also tested. An effective perovskite host NP is presented that can be used to incorporate d-f or f-f dopant combinations to realize a gamut of dopant emission lines. A charge trapping based photophysical model is developed that focuses on rational energy alignments to predict dopant emissions semi-empirically and aids the design of optimal perovskite host-multi-dopant combinations.