Persulfate activation with biochar supported nanoscale zero- valent iron: Engineering application for effective degradation of NCB in soil

Jinzhong Wan; Yang Guo; Zehang Zhang; Rufeng Deng; Xiang Wang; Shaohua Cao; Xiaodong Zhang; Yifei Miao; Jinlin Jiang; Zhen Song; Tao Long; Cheng Sun; Xin Zhu

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173053

Persulfate activation with biochar supported nanoscale zero- valent iron: Engineering application for effective degradation of NCB in soil

Sci Total Environ. 2024 May 8:933:173053. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173053. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Jinzhong Wan¹, Yang Guo², Zehang Zhang³, Rufeng Deng³, Xiang Wang¹, Shaohua Cao¹, Xiaodong Zhang¹, Yifei Miao⁴, Jinlin Jiang¹, Zhen Song¹, Tao Long¹, Cheng Sun⁵, Xin Zhu⁶

Affiliations

¹ State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China.
² State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China. Electronic address: guoyang@nies.org.
³ State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
⁴ College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China.
⁵ State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
⁶ State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Management and Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, China. Electronic address: zhuxin@nies.org.

PMID: 38723973
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173053

Abstract

Nitrochlorobenzene (NCB) is very common in pesticide and chemical industries, which has become a major problem in soil environment. However, the remediation of NCB contaminated soil is received finite concern. Using biochar as a substrate for nanoscale-zero valent iron (nZVI/p-BC) to activate peroxodisulfate (PDS), a novel heterogeneous oxidative system had been applied in the current study to remediate NCB contaminants in soil. The degradation efficiencies and kinetics of m-NCB, p-NCB, and o-NCB by various systems were contrasted in soil slurry. Key factors including the dosage of nZVI/p-BC, the molar ratio of nZVI/PDS, initial pH and temperature on degradation of NCB were further examined. The results confirmed that the nZVI/p-BC/PDS displayed the remarkable performance for removing NCB compared with other systems. Higher temperature with nZVI/PDS molar ratio of 2:1 under the acidic condition favored the reduction of NCB. The treatment for NCB with optimal conditions were evaluated for the engineering application. The mechanism of nZVI/p-BC/PDS indicated that electron transfer between p-BC and nZVI was responsible for activation of PDS, generating active species (SO₄•^-, •OH and ¹O₂) via both the free and non-free radical pathways. Experimental results revealed prominent availability of nZVI/p-BC/PDS system in remediation of actual contaminated field by NCB.

Keywords: Biochar supported nanoscaled-zero valent iron; Nitrochlorobenzen; Peroxodisulfate; Remediation of contaminated field.