The incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer is increasing rapidly worldwide, with subcentimeter papillary thyroid carcinoma (SPTC) with a diameter of less than 1 cm accounting for more than 50%. Active surveillance (AS) as an alternative to immediate surgery for low-risk SPTC was launched in Japan in the 1990s and has been implemented in several countries, including Japan and the United States. However, the indications and safety of performing AS for low-risk SPTC remain controversial. In this article, the author summarizes the existing literature and explores its limitations of AS implementation, the effectiveness of surgical treatment, and the different attitudes of countries on AS, aiming to provide some references for the treatment options of low-risk SPTC.
全球范围的分化型甲状腺癌的发病率迅速上升，其中直径≤1 cm的亚厘米甲状腺乳头状癌（SPTC）占50%以上。日本在20世纪90年代开始将主动监测（AS）作为低危SPTC立即手术的替代方案，并已在日本、美国等部分国家开展。然而，对于低危SPTC进行AS的适应证及安全性仍存在争议。本文总结现有文献，从SPTC的AS实施局限性、外科治疗的有效性以及各国对AS的态度3个方面进行探讨，旨在为低危SPTC的治疗选择提供一定的借鉴与参考。.