The role of microbes in the pathogenesis of various arthritides continues to be the focus of keen interest. In the study of genetic factors that predispose to spondyloarthropathies, HLA-B27 transgenic animal models present exciting new research possibilities. The basic principles in the management of these arthritides have not changed, but an increasing number of patients are being treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs when the response to nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is inadequate.