Therapy of Burkitt and other B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and lymphoma: experience with the LMB protocols of the SFOP (French Paediatric Oncology Society) in children and adults

Abstract

Burkitt's lymphoma and L3-ALL are different forms of the same disease: B-cell disease. Therapeutic improvement has been considerable over the past 10 years. In France, four consecutive multicentre LMB studies of the SFOP greatly contributed to this improvement. An overall cure rate of 90% can now be achieved in children with a short intensive risk adapted polychemotherapy regimen based on high-dose fractionated CPM, HD MTX (3 g/m2), Ara-C in continuous infusion. For patients with ALL or with CNS involvement, the addition of CNS-directed therapy with a higher dose of MTX (8 g/m2), HD Ara-C (3 g/m2 x 4), VP 16, triple intrathecal injections and cranial irradiation greatly improved survival: 87% for ALL and 73% for patients with CNS involvement. In adults, the application of the paediatric protocol is possible with acceptable toxicity and a retrospective study of 41 cases treated according to a LMB protocol showed a cure rate of 71%. Such a regimen should now be proposed to adults and studied prospectively.