Restriction enzyme analysis (REA) of total DNA was used in order to investigate the possible transmission of Candida albicans from the grafted pancreas in a woman with a kidney-pancreas transplant. A strain of Candida albicans was recovered from the pancreas-transplant preservation medium cultured routinely before transplantation. Four infecting isolates and one vulval isolate were recovered from the recipient in the early post-operative stage. In addition, 12 unrelated control strains were studied for comparison. By means of EcoRI and HinfI, restriction patterns of the isolates recovered from the preservation medium and from the patient were found to be identical (100% similitude according to Jaccard's coefficient) apart from that of the strain isolated from the vulva. HinfI gave two characteristic fragments of 5.9 and 4.6 kb. In contrast, the 12 control strains generated 12 different patterns. The percentage of similarity between the patterns of the infecting strains and those of the control and the vulval strains was less than 60%. These findings provide evidence of transmission of the infecting strain via the pancreas transplant and the nosocomial nature of infection.