Forty patients of HBV related cirrhosis of the liver were studied for the presence of delta infection and subsequently the clinical features, course and outcome of these delta infected cases was compared with those of delta uninfected cases. Out of 40 patients studied, only four patients (10%) were reactive for anti-delta antibodies. The incidence of delta infection was common in the younger age group (31.25 +/- 4.78 years) as compared to the older age group (48 +/- 7.25 years) at p < 0.001. Hepatic Encephalopathy was seen in only 13.88% of delta negative patients as compared to 75% of delta infected patients (p < 0.05). During follow up period of 1 year, 75% of patients died in the delta virus infected group as compared to 22.22% in the delta negative group. The mortality was significantly higher in Child's class C (P < 0.01). So delta virus infection is associated with a more severe course of illness and a poorer prognosis in HBV related cirrhotics.