An official website of the United States government
The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before
sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal
government site.
The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the
official website and that any information you provide is encrypted
and transmitted securely.
Spence RT, Hampton M, Pluke K, Kahn M, Chinyepi N, Elmusbahi M, van Wyngaard T, Panieri E.Spence RT, et al.J Surg Res. 2016 Dec;206(2):363-370. doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.08.025. Epub 2016 Aug 11.J Surg Res. 2016.PMID: 27884330Clinical Trial.
Spence RT, Panieri E, Rayne SL, Harrison EM, Bhangu AA, Fitzgerald JE.Spence RT, et al.S Afr Med J. 2016 Jan 11;106(2):125-6. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2016.v106i2.10182.S Afr Med J. 2016.PMID: 26821888Free article.
Spence RT, Panieri E, Rayne SL.Spence RT, et al.S Afr Med J. 2016 Jan 11;106(2):163-8. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2016.v106i2.10183.S Afr Med J. 2016.PMID: 26821895
Zargaran E, Spence R, Adolph L, Nicol A, Schuurman N, Navsaria P, Ramsey D, Hameed SM.Zargaran E, et al.JAMA Surg. 2018 May 16;153(5):e180087. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2018.0087. Epub 2018 May 16.JAMA Surg. 2018.PMID: 29541765Free PMC article.